Cosmetic Surgery in Austria
In general, plastic surgery, which aims to restore body parts or to change them in order to look better, can be divided into three types of operations:
• Cosmetic surgery:
Mainly performed to enhance the patient's appearance and look.
• Plastic surgery:
Usually performed to treat birth defects and skin problems.
• Reconstructive surgery:
Usually performed on traumatic injury patients (war, accidents, etc.).
The surgery involves:
• Preparing the patient's skin and tissues
• Cutting and suturing.
Performance is done with special care to minimize scarring. Plastic surgeries continue to advance, thanks to the on-going development of modern and innovative instruments, materials for artificial limbs and body parts, and the development of better surgical techniques.
Benefits of cosmetic Surgery
• Correcting physical deformities or imperfection
• Psychological (emotional, social improvement).
Cosmetic surgery procedures
Usually, done on the face, to correct the patient's features. That includes:
• Nose remodeling (rhinoplasty)
• Breast re-shaping (mammoplasty)
• Eye lids (removal of skin excess)
• Hair transplant
• "Tummy tucks"
• Cleft lip (or palate), usually performed on children (facial deformity of the lip, usually the upper lip. Frequently associated with cleft tooth socket and cleft palate).
Techniques used in surgery
The techniques commonly used in plastic surgery:
• Incision.
• Excision.
• Chemosurgery.
• Electrosurgery.
• Laser surgery.
• Dermabrasion.
• Liposuction.
Psychological aspects, before surgery
Especially in Western societies, improvement or enhancement of the look is an important factor. Patients want to repair deformities, either born with or occurring after accidents, in order to overcome social rejection. Some patients, especially in the media industries (acting, politics, etc.), relate a higher level of importance to the need to enhance their look or correct deformities.
However, there are candidates who have unrealistic expectations about the results of the cosmetic procedures. In most of such cases, the surgery is unnecessary.
The surgeon, as well as the patient's physician, will discuss the psychological and emotional aspects with the candidate.
Precautions due to medical condition
Not every patient can be a good candidate for plastic surgery. It is vital that you consult with your physician. In general, the main groups at risk, in regards with undergoing plastic surgery, are:
• Patients recovering from a heart attack
• Patients recovering from serious illness
• Patients recovering from severe infection
• Patients with cancer, which might spread
• Patients extremely overweight
• Patients with blood clotting disorders
Preparing for cosmetic surgery
Apart from the psychological aspects, there are certain procedures involved in preparing for the plastic surgery:
• Patient's education: the surgeon meets with the patient, before taking a decision regarding operation, in order to explain the procedures and to ensure that the patient is well informed about the procedures and risks involved, and that he/she is realistic about the expected results.
• Surgeon's assessing the patients body involved in the surgery
o Skin grafts: the surgeon evaluates the patient's appropriate areas that match the destination
• The surgeon evaluates the proper placement of the cuts
• A physical examination, including:
o Blood and urine tests
o Testing for unexpected health problem
o Testing for problems in blood clotting disorders
o Checking possible conflict between medication that the patient may be taking and blood clotting or interaction with anesthetic
• The patient may be asked to donate his/her own blood in case transfusion is needed during operation.
• Patients are asked to avoid using certain medication (such as aspirin) 1-2 weeks before the surgery.
• Patients are asked to avoid smoking 1-2 weeks before the surgery.
After surgery
Plastic surgery aftercare starts with bringing the patient to a recovery room, and giving medication (pain killers or others) if needed.
Fat removal surgery may require staying in bed for 1-2 weeks.
Patients undergoing breast reconstruction may be required to stay in the hospital for about 1 week.
Patients may also be given antibiotics when they are sent home.
Risks
Though plastic surgeries are quite common, there are risks involved. Risks may include:
• Complications after surgery (which can occur with any operation under anesthesia), such as wound infection, pneumonia, internal bleeding and reaction to anesthesia.
• Pain, swelling, redness in the area of surgery
• Infections related to inserting a prosthesis
• Scar forming not as expected
• Anemia (with liposuction procedures)
• Skin graft rejection
• Some loss of feeling at the area of surgery
• Other complication, associated with technical problems (such as silicon leak)
More Vienna info...
Vienna Eat
White wine; beer; marzipan; Wiener schnitzel; Sacher torte (multilayered chocolate cake with apricot jam); Frittatensuppe (a clear chicken or beef broth with chives and thin cr?pes shredded into noodles); and various foods from the area once controlled by the Austrian Empire such as Hungarian goulash and palacsinta (cr?pes filled with fruit or jam).
Make sure to pick up some Mozart Kugeln which is a delicious combination of marzipan and chocolate. Various brands exist but Mirabelle is regarded as the highest quality. Fuerst is the original one (there is one shop in Salzburg).
In Austria (as generally in Central Europe) even the cheapest supermarkets sell food of exceptionally high quality. Perhaps most remarkable for people visiting from outside of Europe is Austria's strong affinity for organically grown food.
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Vienna By car
Most Austrian highways ("Autobahn") terminate/originate in Vienna.
Unlike Germany, there is a strictly enforced speed limit of 130 km/h on highways. Within towns it is 50 km/h and on major roads, it is 100 km/h.
Also a Highway Toll Sticker (Vignette) is a must! Not having one can be really expensive. Usually they can be purchased at petrol (gas) stations.
Drivers in Austria are also required by law to carry certain safety equipment. This includes a reflective vest, first aid kit and traffic warning triangle[3]
It is required to keep your headlights on at all times while driving in Austria.
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Plastic Surgery News...
- This review examines the evidence on rivaroxaban (Xarelto®), an oral, direct factor Xa inhibitor for the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients undergoing major orthopaedic surgery of the lower limbs. A licence application was submitted to the EMEA in November 2007.
The review notes that limited data from the phase III RECORD studies (available in abstract form only) suggest that:
• Daily oral rivaroxaban 10mg is statistically significantly more effective than subcutaneous (s.c.) enoxaparin 40mg for short term thromboprophylaxis in patients undergoing total knee replacement; the primary endpoint (composite of DVT, non-fatal PE , and all-cause mortality) occurred in 9.6% and 18.9% of patients assigned to rivaroxaban or enoxaparin, respectively (p < 0.001).
• In extended thromboprophylaxis for hip arthroplasty, the same primary endpoint was achieved in 1.1% of rivaroxaban patients vs. 3.7% of those receiving enoxaparin (p < 0.001).
• Rivaroxaban and enoxaparin recipients experienced a similar incidence of major bleeding events, ranging from 0.1% to 0.6%.
No phase III liver function test data are available, but phase II data suggest that increases in liver enzymes seen in rivaroxaban recipients were of a similar order to enoxaparin recipients after 5–9 days of treatment. However caution is required until further information is available regarding safety. The review concludes “should efficacy and safety data prove favourable for oral rivoroxaban, and depending on cost, the drug might be particularly appropriate for those patients undergoing extended thromboprophylaxis after hip surgery. There will be no necessity to monitor patients for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and a reduction in at home nurse visits may be possible. Hence, staff capacity may be released. Economic decisions concerning rivaroxaban uptake will need to balance the possible increase in drug costs versus the possible benefits that may accrue.”
- UroToday.com - This study demonstrates the need for caution when performing slings on older women with stress incontinence. We found that older women were not only more likely to fail surgery and require another procedure for stress incontinence, but also were more likely to experience emptying difficulty and new urge incontinence after a sling.