Iowa (IA) Bariatric Surgery

Bariatric Surgery Related Terms:
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Bariatric surgery in Iowa section, includes general infrmation about Bariatric surgery Procedure, Bariatric surgery Iowa Local News, Bariatric surgery Iowa Surgeon Locator and other Bariatric surgery related material.

Bariatric surgery Procedure

Bariatrics is the branch of medicine that deals with the causes, prevention, and treatment of obesity.

The term “bariatrics” refers to "weight medicine". Bariatrics generally deals with pharmacotherapy of obesity and with obesity surgery.
Overweight and obesity are strongly related to medical problems in today’s world. There are many health effects of obesity, such as heart disease, diabetes, many types of cancer, asthma, obstructive sleep apnea, chronic musculoskeletal problems, and others.

In addition to medical concerns regarding obesity, appearance (look) has a major relevance to weight and obesity.
Although diet, exercise, behavior therapy and anti-obesity drugs are first-line treatment, medical therapy for severe obesity has limited short-term success and almost nonexistent long-term success. Therefore, obesity surgery (or bariatric surgery) has been a popular treatment in the war against obesity. Weight loss surgery generally results in greater weight loss than conventional treatment, and leads to improvements in quality of life and obesity related diseases such as hypertension and diabetes.

Before someone can become a candidate for bariatric surgery, certain criteria must be met. The basic criteria are:
[1] An understanding of the operation and the lifestyle changes the patient will need to make;
[2] A body mass index (BMI) of 40 or more, which is about 45 kg (100 pounds) overweight for men and 35 kg (80 pounds) for women; or
[3] A BMI between 35 and 39.9 and a serious obesity-related health problem such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, or severe sleep apnea (when breathing stops for short periods during sleep).

Risks involved
Past studies found that 10 to 20 percent of bariatric surgery patients had complications while they were in the hospital. In 2006, federal researchers found that 39.6 percent of patients had complications within 180 days of surgery. The most common complications are:
[1] A composite of gastrointestinal symptoms including vomiting, diarrhea, dysphagia, and reflux (20%)
[2] Anastomotic leaking (at the surgical connections between the stomach and the intestine) (12%);
[3] Abdominal hernia (7%)
[4] Infections (6%).

About 7% of patients were re-admitted to the hospital within 6 months to treat complications specific to the bariatric procedure.
The in-hospital death rate in adults undergoing obesity surgery in 2003 was 0.2%.
Laparoscopic surgery has become an important addition to this field of surgery, and demand soars, amidst scientific and ethical questions.

Surgical procedures in bariatrics
There are a number of surgical options available to treat obesity, each with their advantages and pitfalls. In general, weight reduction can be accomplished, but one must consider operative risk (including mortality) and side effects. Usually, these procedures can be carried out safely.

The surgical procedures can be grouped in three main categories:
[1] Predominantly malabsorptive procedures: although also reducing stomach size, these operations are based mainly on diversion and bypass.
[2] Predominantly restrictive procedures: a surgery that primarily reduces stomach size: Vertical Banded Gastroplasty (Mason procedure, stomach stapling); Adjustable gastric band (or "Lap Band"); Sleeve gastrectomy.
[3] Mixed procedures: applying both techniques simultaneously: gastric bypass surgery, like Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; Sleeve gastrectomy with Duodenal Switch Implantable Gastric Stimulation.

Biliopancreatic diversion
A complex operation, also known as biliopancreatic diversion (BPD), or Scopinaro procedure.
This surgery is rare now because of problems with malnourishment. It has been replaced with the Duodenal Switch, also known as the BPD/DS. Part of the stomach is re-sected, creating a smaller stomach (however after a few months the patient can eat a completely free diet as there is no restrictive component). The distal part of the small intestine is then connected to the pouch, bypassing the duodenum and jejunum. This results in around 2% of patients severe malabsorption and nutritional deficiency that requires restoration on the normal absorption.

The malabsorptive element of BPD is so potent that those who undergo the procedure must take vitamin and mineral supplements above and beyond that of the normal population. Those that do not run the risk of deficiency diseases such as anemia and osteoporosis.

Because gallstones are a common complication of rapid weight loss following any type of weight loss surgery, some surgeons may remove the gall bladder as a preventative measure during BPD. Others prefer to prescribe medication to reduce the risk of post-operative gallstones.

Far fewer surgeons perform BPD compared to other weight loss surgeries, in part because of the need for long-term nutritional follow-up and monitoring of BPD patients.

Vertical Banded Gastroplasty
a part of the stomach is permanently stapled to create a smaller pre-stomach pouch, which serves as the new stomach.
The same effect can be created using a silicone band, which can be adjusted by addition or removal of saline through a port placed just under the skin. This operation can be performed laparoscopically, and is commonly referred to as a "lap band."

Adjustable Gastric Banding
The first lower pressure, wider, one-piece adjustable gastric band called the MIDband® was introduced in 2000. Unlike many of the early bands this was designed specifically for laparoscopic insertion.

Other Bariatric surgery Procedures:
All Body Procedures Procedures
Bariatric surgery Iowa (current)
Iowa Buttock Augmentation
Iowa Calf Augmentation
Iowa Liposuction
Iowa Body Contouring

Planing on having bariatric surgery procedure in Iowa?
Here is some General Information about Iowa:

Iowa Regions
Northwest - Siouxland
North Central
Northeast
Central - Greater Des Moines area
Southwest
South Central
Southeast [edit]

(WikiT)...

Iowa bariatric surgery - Tip of the day:
What is a Bariatric Surgery?
This procedure done in Iowa(IA) is to create a smaller stomach and directing it to the middle portion of the small intestine so most of the food will not eventually end up entering your body. Smaller stomach volume will cause you to eat less because you'll feel full earlier and fewer calories will be absorbed. This results in weight loss.

Iowa bariatric surgery - News update:
According to the findings of a meta-analysis published early online in Thorax, “a short course of antibiotic treatment is as effective as the traditional longer treatment in patients with mild to moderate exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and COPD.” Researchers searched for double-blind RCTs in adults with a clinical diagnosis of exacerbation of COPD or chronic bronchitis, who were not receiving antibiotics at the time of diagnosis, and who were randomised to antibiotic treatment up to 5 days vs. > 5 days. The primary outcome measure was clinical cure at early follow-up, on an intention to treat basis. They identified 21 studies involving 10,698 patients; the average quality of the studies was considered high (mean Jadad score = 3.9). The following results were reported: • At early follow-up (< 25 days), the summary odds ratio (OR) for clinical cure with short treatment vs. conventional treatment was 0.99 (95% CI 0.90 to 1.08). • At late follow-up the summary OR was 1.0 (95% CI 0.91 to 1.10) and the summary OR for bacteriological cure was 1.05 (95% CI 0.87 to 1.26) with short vs. conventional treatment • Similar summary ORs were observed for early cure in trials with the same antibiotic in both arms and in studies grouped by the antibiotic class used in the short-course arm. The researchers suggest that these findings “support the effectiveness of short course treatment in mild to moderate exacerbations of COPD or chronic bronchitis characterised by at least two of the following criteria: increased cough and/or dyspnoea, increased sputum volume and increased purulence. Based on the included studies, it seems that the duration of antibiotic treatment can be safely reduced.” More...