Guatemala (GT) Keratoplasty

Keratoplasty Related Terms:
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There are three types of Keratoplasty. One is standard Keratoplasty, which is corneal grafting or transplantation. The second is Lamellar Keratoplasty, which is corneal grafting of partial thickness. The last is Penetrating Keratoplasty for corneal grafting of full thickness. For successful Keratoplasty, the donor tissues must be removed from the cadaver within 6 hours after the occurrence of death. The removed corneo-scleral button could be stored only for about 2 weeks at the maximum.

Guatemala keratoplasty - Tip of the day:

Can eyelid surgery eliminate the crow’s feet around the eyes?
If just eyelid surgery is performed, then it is not possible to eliminate the fine lines, called crow’s feet, around the eye. However, surgeons in Guatemala(GT) say that if you opt for dermal filters in conjunction with this surgery, then this problem can be removed too. Thus, you will not only get rid of the droopy look, but you can also bid goodbye to signs of aging.

The plastic surgery of Keratoplasty should be done only experienced and skilled surgeons. The surgeon would first decide about the graft size, which would normally be about 7.5 mm. Grafts bigger than 8.5 mm could lead to increase in anterior synechiae, intro-ocular pressure, and vascularzation. Smaller sizes could result in astigmatism because of tissue tension. The donor button should be about 0.5 mm bigger than the planned opening of the recipient.

Planing on having keratoplasty procedure in Guatemala?
Here is some General Information about Guatemala:

Guatemala By plane

Guatemala's main airport, La Aurora International Airport (GUA), is near Guatemala City. International flights arrive mostly from other Central American countries and North America.
Guatemala's secondary airport is situated in Flores, Pet?n. This small airport receives flights from a small number of close destinations including Belize, Mexico City and Guatemala City.

It is sometimes cheaper to fly into Cancun and take buses through Belize or to fly into Mexico City and then take a low-cost airlines flight on Aviacsa for around $100 USD to Tapachula which is the Mexico/Guatemala border.

(WikiT)...

In this complicated eye surgery, the surgeon would miose the pupils to protect the lens and avoid cataract. After that, trephination would be done. The surgeon would then proceed with a partial thickness cut before performing a full thickness trephination. This would be followed by four cardinal sutures at three, six, nine, and twelve o’clock positions. These sutures would be interrupted sutures. Finally, running and interrupted sutures would be applied according to specific requirements.

The risk in Keratoplasty is graft failure due to defective donor endothelium, trauma, or immune graft rejection. The first two would occur immediately after the eye surgery cosmetic procedure but the third would occur within 6 months to one year after the surgery. This could be remedied by hourly tropical steroids or by periocular steroid injections. Other complications in Keratoplasty would be persistent epithelial defects, flat anterior chamber, infection, cystoid macular edema, astigmatism, and glaucoma. The surgeon should closely monitor the patients for about a year after Keratoplasty.

Guatemala keratoplasty - News update:

Objective To characterize the epidemiology and genetics of vitiligo and associated autoimmune diseases in a population isolate in Romania in which there is a high frequency of these diseases.

Design Prospective and retrospective ascertainment of all patients and extended families with these disorders in the study community.

Setting A geographically isolated community in the mountains of northern Romania.

Patients Fifty-one affected individuals and their close relatives from 35 nuclear families in an extended kindred that effectively constitutes the entire community population.

Main Outcome Measures Demographic, phenotypic, and genetic aspects of vitiligo and other autoimmune diseases in the extended kindred.

Results The frequencies of vitiligo and several other autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune thyroid disease, adult-onset autoimmune diabetes mellitus, and rheumatoid arthritis, are greatly elevated. The age of vitiligo onset in this village is relatively delayed, suggesting that the causes of vitiligo in this community may be somewhat atypical. Genetic segregation analysis is most consistent with a single major locus recessive model, although incomplete penetrance and heritability suggest that other genes and nongenetic factors likely influence occurrence of disease in homozygotes.

Conclusions The high frequency of vitiligo and other autoimmune diseases in this isolated inbred community and an unusual aspect of the vitiligo phenotype suggest that susceptibility to these disorders in this "special population" may be unusual, likely involving a major recessive gene. Whereas disease susceptibility seems to involve a major genetic component, actual onset of vitiligo in genetically susceptible individuals seems to require exposure to environmental triggers.

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